In the category of 'An'am' (livestock), only camels, cows, and goats are included. Zakat is not applicable to any other animals except these. However, if these animals are part of a commercial business, then zakat will be due on them as merchandise.
According to the consensus of scholars, the nisab for camels is five. On these, one goat is to be paid as zakat. For 10 camels, two goats; for 15 camels, three goats; for 20 camels, four goats; and for 25 camels, a 'bint makhad' (a one-year-old female camel) is to be paid.
Therefore, if someone owns four or fewer camels, zakat is not obligatory on them, unless the owner wishes to give voluntarily.
The primary evidence for this is the narration in Sahih Bukhari (1454), narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said that:
“Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote a letter to him when sending him as governor to Bahrain, which included: 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This is the obligation of zakat which the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) enjoined on the Muslims, as Allah commanded him. So whoever among the Muslims is asked by the zakat collector according to this written document, should give it accordingly, and if he demands more, he should not give. For 24 or fewer camels, one goat is due for every five camels. When the number of camels reaches 25, then from 25 to 35, a one-year-old female camel is due. When the number of camels reaches 36, then from 36 to 45, a two-year-old female camel is due. When the number reaches 46, then from 46 to 60, a three-year-old female camel capable of mating is due. When the number reaches 61, then from 61 to 75, a four-year-old female camel is due. When the number reaches 76, then from 76 to 90, two two-year-old female camels are due. When the number reaches 91, then from 91 to 120, two three-year-old female camels capable of mating are due. After 120, for every 40 camels, a two-year-old female camel is due, and for every 50 camels, a three-year-old female camel capable of mating is due. If someone has no more than four camels, then zakat is not obligatory on him, unless he gives voluntarily. When the number reaches five, then one goat is due."
For separate calculation of zakat on camels, please visit our Camel Zakat Calculator
According to the majority of scholars, is 30 cows or bulls, as the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:
'For every 30 cows or bulls, there is a tabi'a (one-year-old calf), and for every 40 cows or bulls, there is a musinnah (two-year-old calf).'
This Hadith was narrated by Imam Tirmidhi (622) and Ibn Majah (1804), and Al-Albani graded it as Sahih (authentic) in Sahih Tirmidhi.
Tabi'a: Refers to a calf that has completed one year of age and entered the second year. It is called tabi'a because it follows its mother.
Musinnah: Refers to a calf that has completed two years of age, also known as a donda.
For separate calculation of zakat on cattles, please visit our cow/buffalo Zakat Calculator
The nisab for goats is 40 goats, upon which there is a consensus among scholars. The Zakat (obligatory charity) on this is one goat, as mentioned in the remaining part of the previous Hadith of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him):
'For grazing goats, if their number reaches 40, then from 40 to 120, one goat is due. If the number exceeds 120, then from 120 to 200, two goats are due. If the number exceeds 200, then from 200 to 300, three goats are due. If the number exceeds 300, then for every 100, one goat is due. If a person's grazing goats are less than 40, then no Zakat is due on them, but the owner may give something voluntarily.'
The majority of jurists stipulate that for Zakat to be obligatory on camels, cows, and goats, these animals must graze for most of the year. If they are fed fodder, then there is no Zakat on them unless they are for trade. The condition of grazing is based on the Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) saying: 'For grazing goats...'
'Scholars have a consensus that if grazing camels, cows, and goats reach the Nisab, then Zakat is due on them. The Nisab for camels starts from 5 camels, for cows from 30 cows, and for goats from 40 goats. Grazing animals refer to those that graze on their own, excluding those that are fed fodder or used for transportation.'"
"Scholars differ regarding the zakat on animals that are fed fodder or used for transportation. The majority of scholars believe that there is no zakat on them, based on the narration from Bahz bin Hakim in Musnad Ahmad, Nasai, and Abu Dawood, who reported from his father, who reported from his grandfather, that:
"I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say: (For every forty grazing camels, a two-year-old female camel is due...)" until the end of the hadith.
In this hadith, the Prophet, peace be upon him, stipulated that zakat is only due on grazing camels, therefore, it is not obligatory on camels that are fed fodder. As for animals used for transportation, it is narrated from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, that: "There is no zakat on animals used for transportation." However, Imam Malik and a group of scholars believe that zakat is obligatory on both types of animals.For separate calculation of zakat on goat/sheep, please visit our goat/sheep Zakat Calculator"
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